Most Dangerous Countries Ranking – Factors Taken into Consideration

Most Dangerous Countries Ranking – Factors Taken into Consideration

TrustLaw the organization conducted the poll and asked 213 experts from five continents to rank every countries by taking into consideration of  six factors, which were thinked while calculating the rank of the females’ life-threatening nations:

1. Non-Sexual Violence

2. Sexual Violence

3. Lack of Resources Access

4. Girls Trafficking

5. Religious or Cultural Practices

6. Discrimination

Trust Law said to Women Change Makers group head Antonella Notari that the recent wars, Nato Air strikes and cultural aspect are all responsible for miserable situation of women in Afghanistan. It further said that in the country, some ladies who become dare enough to work publicly and wish to do jobs either in public or government sector are many a times tortured or even killed, probably by their relatives or other man-hardliners. This Makers Group supports the girls across the globe.

One of the main reason is  poor education level among them. The developing nations still have major illiterate population making female sex condition as plight and intolerable to human rights.

Most Dangerous Countries in World for the Women

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The following is the list of the most unsafe, insecure and dangerous countries of the world in descending order, which means that on first number, the country tops in insecurity level and that on last number is better than first four.

1. Afghanistan

2. Democratic Republic Of Congo

3. Pakistan

4. India

5. Somalia

Many women experience rapes in Congo, thereby the nation stands on second number. The rapists have made the ladies a difficult place to live

BPSC Mains Tipic-Patna Kalam

Patna Kalam Moving Towards Demise..

Mughal Emperors in India has impacted the socio-cultural, political and economic life style of the Indians. The influence of Mughal rule was widely observed in art and architecture of the country. The Mughal style of painting is the brightest feature of Indian painting history in the regime of Jahangir which is also known as the known as the golden era of Mughal paintings.

Combination of Persian style with the Indian traditional style has given the a new way of painting. Many Indian schools of paintings were enriched, nourished and  flourished afterwards and they were heavily influenced by Mughal paintings. One among these was Patna School of Painting which is popularly known as the Patna Kalam or Company painting. Historically Patna Kalam was an derivative of Mughal painting flourished during early 18th to mid 20th century in Bihar. 

During the regime of Aurangzeb Hindu artisans of Mughal painting faced prosecution due to his widely practiced  anti-Hindu policy and aversion in art and painting. Hindu painters were taken shelter in Patna and introduced their own school of painting known as Patna Kalam. Although they followed the basic features of Mughal painting but  their subject  was quite different. Unlike the Mughal painting, that were based on royalty and court scenes, painters of Patna Kalam were deeply influenced by daily life of common man.Their main subjects were local festival, ceremonies bazaar scenes, local rulers, and domestic works as well. Some well acclaimed flag bearers  of Patna kalam were Sewak Ram, Hulas Lall, Shiv Lal,Shiva Dayal,Mahadeo Lal and Ishwari Prasad Verma. 

The painters of the Patna kalam used to extract colors indigenously from plants, barks, flowers and metals. Their most common canvas were on glass, mica and ivory sheets. The main centers of Patna Kalam schools were Patna, Danapur and Arrah. These paintings are featured by light colored sketches and life-like representations. One of the most distinguishing characteristic of Patna Kalam is that, they do not paint any landscape, foreground or background. Another unique component of the Patna School of Painting was the development in the shading of solid forms.

Patna Kalam paintings are painted straightway with the brush without marking with pencil to delineate the contours of the picture. This procedure is commonly known as 'Kajli Seahi.The features of the figures of such paintings are depicted by the heavy eyebrows, pointed noses, lean and gaunt faces, big moustaches sunken and deep-set staring eyes. The Patna School of Painting has faced a gradual decline and inching towards the extinction with the lapse of time as new artists are not coming forward to carry on this beautiful tradition and the old ones are passing away one by one.

The subject matter of these paintings had always been the Aam Admi (Common Man)  and his domestic routines. It's basically a miniature form of painting which has, because of its unique style and form, occupied separate shelves at art galleries in London and museums in Prague.

This is the most unfortunate things about the Patna Kalam, like the world-famous Mithila paintings, it has not received its due share of acknowledgement despite of that many believes that the eponymous painting was far superior to the more popular Mithila paintings.

The “Patna Kalam” faced competition from the "Mithila paintings which is marketed professionally both at home and abroad. Also, Mithila painting is a folk form which could be easily transferred from one generation to another." On the contrary, Patna Kalam was essentially court painting which had to face inevitable death with time. Today, only few existing miniatures of this rare form lie in unkempt and dusty shelves in the Patna museum where it was fondly created and adopted at one time.


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BPSC Mains GS Topic-Mauryan Architectures

The Mauryan period is an important abacus of the Indian history because not only that for great Ashoka but also in this period foundation of Indian art and architecture were laid down, which has further mature and reach  to their zenith during the golden age of the Guptas. The mauryan wisdome has grown and flourished during the rule of great Mauryan king Ashoka.

Some of the master pieces of Mauryan art are the famous Ashokan pillars that he erected across the India. These pillars were the product of art, architecture and engineering of the Mauryan period. These pillars are generally made out of a single block of sand stone which was cut, shaped and polished by the expert craftsman. Adorning the pillar was a four lion sculpture which rested on a highly polished and chiseled capital depicting animals and flowers in between.

The special sculpture skills were required to make all this possible was indeed substantial, massive blocks of stone had to be hauled in from stone mines that were often hundreds of miles away to the destination.

 In many cases they even had to haul the stone to the tops of hills. The fine chiseling works and and the lustrous polish are the marvelous examples of well developed and groomed skills in this department.

The skill of the artists of that period has also reflected in the fine work on the pillar. Fine sculptures which realistically depicted movements were made over there.The Sarnath Pillar is the living example of their skills, which has four lions back to back at the top of the pillar. The remarkable perfection and beauty associated with such sculptures is a finest example of the artist of that period.

Mauryan architecture is also reputed to have been fabulous. The capital of Patlipatura which is known as Patna now a day had been described by many travelers as one of the most amazing cities of the ancient world. Unfortunately since the building material was predominantly made of wood, has not survived but some remains are seen in Kumharar.

Excavations have resurfaced few structures like a hundred pillar hall in Patna. The Mauryans were expert at cutting caves out of hillsides which is visible in Barabas near Gaya, and were able to polish the inside walls so efficiently that they shone as if they were glass. Ashoka also constructed several stupas across the India, with the most famous being the sanchi stupa

Source>:www.goindocal.com

CTET - Admit card

New Delhi,June,17:As the time of the CTET examination is inching closer the applicant is searching for their Admit card because till now CBSE hasn't dispatched the Admit card to the students.The web site of the CBSE dont have any clue about the Admit card of the CTET-2011.

nearly 8 lakh candidates have applied for the Central Teacher Eligibility Test (CTET), is being held for the first time this year for recruitment of teachers in the central government schools.

The test is scheduled to be organized at 1,178 centres in 86 cities across the nation; CBSE has made two overseas centres for the CTET. The test will be held on June 26.

"In all 7.9 lakh candidates have been registered for this examination," said CBSE in a statement, the board responsible for conducting the test.

The confusion among the candidates is mounting as the examination date is coming close but  they don't have any clue about the Admit card of CTET-2011.

Source:

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